Virtual Inheritance

To avoid duplication of the instance of the base class, the Box and ColouredShape object can share the same Shape object.

// A Box
// Box.h
// Jun 9 2007

#include "Shape.h"

class Box : virtual public Shape {
 int hght;
 int wdth;
 int dpth;
protected:
 void displayDetails() const;
public:
 Box(const char* s, int h, int w, int d);
 virtual void display() const;
};

Read more details https://cs.senecac.on.ca/~btp300/pages/content/minhe.html

Diamond problem

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A diamond class inheritance diagram.

In object-oriented programming languages with multiple inheritance and knowledge organization, the diamond problem is an ambiguity that arises when two classes B and C inherit from A, and class D inherits from both B and C. If a method in D calls a method defined in A (and does not override the method), and B and C have overridden that method differently, then from which class does it inherit: B, or C?

Please refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_problem